尤瓦尔·赫拉利-信息大爆炸时代，我们需要信息节食

——源自尤瓦尔·赫拉利《信息大爆炸时代，我们需要信息节食》

源

Most information in the world is junk,I mean,I think the best way to think about it is it's like with food.that there was a time,like a century ago in many countries,where food was scarce.So people ate whatever they could get,especially if it was full of fat and sugar.And they thought that more food is always good.Like if you asked your great grandmother,she would say,yes,more food is always good.And then we reach a time of abundance in food。And we have all this industrialized processed food,which is artificially full of fat and sugar and salt and whatever.And it's obviously bad for us.The idea that more food is always good,no.And definitely not all this junk food.And the same thing has happened with information,that information was once scarce,And the same thing has happened with information,that information was once scare.So if you could get your hands on a book,you would read it because it was nothing else.And now information is abundant.We are flooded by informaion.And much of it is junk information,which is artificially full of greed and anger and fear because of this battle for attention.And it's not good for us.So we basically need to go on an information diet.The first step is to realize that it's not the case that more information is always good for us.We need a limited amount,and we actually need more time to digest the information.And we have to be,of cause,also careful about the quality of what we take in because,of the abundance of junk information.And the basic misconception,I think,is this link between information and truth.That people think,okay,if I get a lot of information,this is the raw material of truth,and more information will mean more knowledge.And that's not the case,because even in nature,most information is not about the truth.The basic function of information in history,and also in biology,is to connect.Information is connection.And when you look at history,you see that very often the easiest way to connect people is not with the truth,because the truth is a costly and rare kind of information,It's usually easier to connect people with fantasy，with fiction.Why?Because the truth tends to be not just costly,the truth tends to be complicated and it tends to be uncomfortable and sometimes painful.

译

世界上大部分信息都是垃圾，我的意思是，我认为最好的思考方式是将其与食物相比较，就像很多国家一个世纪前那样，食物曾经很稀缺,所以人们会吃他们能找到的任何食物，尤其是那些富含脂肪和糖分的。他们认为食物越多越好，比如，如果你问你的曾祖母，她会说，是的，食物越多越好。然后我们迎来了食物充裕的时代。我们有了所有这种工业化加工食品，这些食物，人工添加了脂肪、糖分、盐分等,这显然对我们有害，对“食物越来越多”的想法说不，而且肯定不是所有这是垃圾食物，同样的事情也发生在信息上，信息曾经也很稀缺。所以，如果你能拿到一本书，你就会读书，因为没有其它选择，而现在信息非常丰富，我们被信息淹没了，而且其中很多是垃圾信息，这些信息因为争夺注意力的竞争，而人为地充满了贪婪、愤怒和恐惧，这对我们不好。所以我们基本上需要经行信息节食，首先，第一步是要认识到，信息不是越多越好，我们需要有限地信息量，而且我们实际上，需要更多的时间来消化信息，而且我们必须。当然，也要小心我们所吸收的信息的质量，因为，由于垃圾信息的泛滥，基本的误解在于信息和真理之间的联系，人们认为，好吧。如果我们获得了很多信息，这就是整理的原材料，而更多的信息将意味着更多的知识，但事实并非如此，因为即使在自然界中，大部分信息也不是关于真理的，在历史上，以及在生物学中，信息的基本功能是连接，当你回顾历史时，你会发现，很多时候，将人们连接起来的最简单方式不是真理，因为真相是代价高昂的稀有信息，用幻想，虚构联结人们往往更容易。为什么呢，因为真理不仅代价高昂，而且往往是错综复杂的，真相有时会令人不适。

注

尤瓦尔·赫拉利指出，在过去信息是稀缺的，所以我们接受我们能得到的任何信息。现在我们被太多的信息淹没了，还有很多垃圾信息。垃圾信息被人为地注入了贪婪、仇恨和恐惧，这些东西吸引了我们的注意力。所有这些垃圾信息让我们的心智病态。
  
尤瓦尔·赫拉利表示，为了保护我们的心理和社会健康，我们需要进行一种信息节食，类似于许多人所做的饮食上的节制。信息节食的第一步是限制我们/接受的信息量。第二步是避免那些被人为灌输了贪婪、仇恨和恐惧的垃圾信息。最后，偶尔进行信息斋戒也是有益的。

尤瓦尔·赫拉利透露，他个人“每年都会进行几周的冥想静修，我练习内观禅修，在禅修期间，我完全断开了和外界的联系。我不看新闻，不读电子邮件，不读书也不写书——我只冥想。我花时间消化我头脑中已经包含的东西，而不是往里面塞更多的信息。”